2021mpacc考研英语(二)完形填空真题及答案解析

2021考研英语二完形填空试题及答案解析

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

It’s not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder, 1, to understand their negative consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. 2one and the others become distorted.

Travel on a London bus and you’ll 3 see how this works with drivers. Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people get on without paying? Of course! Are there inspectors to4 that people have paid? Possibly, but very few. And people who run for the bus? They are 5 . How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.

Why? Because the target is 6 . People complained that buses were late and infrequent. 7 , the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit these targets. But they 9 hit cyclists. If the target was changed to 10 , you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing. If the criterion changed to safety, you would get more 11 drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time.

There is another 12 : people became immensely inventive in hitting targets. Have you 13 that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time? Tailwinds? Of course not! Airlines have simply changed the time a14 is meant to take. A one-hour flight is now ballad as a two-hour flight.

The 15 of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others. Everything can be done faster and made cheaper, but there is a 17 . Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences.

This is not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploring consequences first. All good targets should have multiple criteria 18 critical factors such as time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not only to 19 just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better 20 the objective.

1. [A] therefore [B] however [C] again [D] moreover

2. [A] Emphasize [B] Identify [C] Assess [D] Explain

3. [A] nearly [B] curiously [C] eagerly [D] quickly

4. [A] claim [B] prove [C] check [D] recall

5. [A] threatened [B] ignored [C] mocked [D] blamed

6. [A] punctuality [B] hospitality [C] competition [D] innovation

7. [A] Yet [B] So [C] Besides [D] Still

8. [A] hired [B] trained [C] rewarded [D] grouped

9. [A] only [B] rather [C] once [D] also

10. [A] comfort [B] revenue [C] efficiency [D] security

11. [A] friendly [B] quiet [C] cautious [D] diligent

12. [A] purpose [B] problem [C] prejudice [D] policy

13. [A] reported [B] revealed [C] admitted [D] noticed

14. [A] break [B] trip [C] departure [D] transfer

15. [A] moral [B] background [C] style [D] form

16. [A] interpret [B] criticize [C] sacrifice [D] tolerate

17. [A] task [B] secret [C] product [D] cost

18. [A] leading to [B] calling for [C] relating to [D] accounting for

19. [A] specify [B] predict [C] restore [D] create

20. [A] modify [B] review [C] present [D] achieve

答案及解析

Section I Use of English

1. 【答案】B（however）

【解析】逻辑关系题。观察选项可知，本题考查逻辑关系。比较前后两句语义，即It’s not difficult to...（做……不难）和it is much harder to...（做……难得多），由not difficult和much harder可知，前后两句语义相反，B项however（提示转折关系）符合原文逻辑关系。本题答案为B项。

干扰选项：A项therefore（因此）提示因果关系，C项again（又、再）提示并列关系，D项moreover（而且）提示递进关系，均不符合原文逻辑关系。